國航天〔2020〕4號

各有關單位：

　　《月球樣品管理辦法》已經審議通過，現印發給你們，自發布之日起施行。

國家航天局

　　2020年12月17日

　　月球樣品管理辦法

　　第一章 總則

　　第一條 為規範月球樣品的保存、管理和使用，發揮其科研價值與社會效益，製定本辦法。

　　第二條 本辦法中的月球樣品是指我國通過實施探月工程在月球表麵及表麵以下采集的
，以及國家航天局通過其他途徑獲得的月球物質。

　　第三條 本辦法適用於月球樣品的解封、分類、製備、建檔
、存儲

、申請、分發、運輸、使用、返還
、處置、信息管理及成果管理等全過程。

　　第二章 職責

　　第四條 國家航天局是月球樣品的管理部門
，主要職責包括：

　　(一) 製定月球樣品管理的相關政策、製度。

　　(二) 監管科研成果轉化和商業開發等活動。

　　(三) 負責月球樣品國際合作相關工作。

　　第五條 國家航天局探月與航天工程中心(以下簡稱探月中心)受國家航天局委托
，實施月球樣品的具體管理工作，主要職責包括：

　　(一) 審核存儲機構製定的月球樣品相關標準規範。

　　(二) 組建月球樣品專家委員會。

　　(三) 審核月球樣品借用申請。

　　(四) 監督檢查月球樣品解封
、分類、製備、建檔、存儲
、申請、分發、運輸
、使用
、返還
、處置、信息管理及成果管理等全過程，協調過程中出現的問題。

　　(五) 通過數據信息平台定期發布月球樣品動態信息。

　　(六) 開展科學成果與應用管理，形成並發布成果清單。

　　第六條 月球樣品存儲在國家航天局及其指定的存儲機構。主存儲機構設在中國科學院國家天文台
，另外設立備份存儲機構。

　　存(cun)儲(chu)機(ji)構(gou)在(zai)國(guo)家(jia)航(hang)天(tian)局(ju)的(de)統(tong)籌(chou)領(ling)導(dao)下(xia)開(kai)展(zhan)月(yue)球(qiu)樣(yang)品(pin)有(you)關(guan)工(gong)作(zuo)，接(jie)受(shou)探(tan)月(yue)中(zhong)心(xin)對(dui)月(yue)球(qiu)樣(yang)品(pin)的(de)統(tong)一(yi)調(tiao)配(pei)和(he)指(zhi)導(dao)監(jian)督(du)，及(ji)時(shi)向(xiang)探(tan)月(yue)中(zhong)心(xin)提(ti)供(gong)月(yue)球(qiu)樣(yang)品(pin)相(xiang)關(guan)信(xin)息(xi)
，定(ding)期(qi)向(xiang)探(tan)月(yue)中(zhong)心(xin)報(bao)告(gao)月(yue)球(qiu)樣(yang)品(pin)存(cun)儲(chu)和(he)借(jie)用(yong)情(qing)況(kuang)。如(ru)發(fa)生(sheng)月(yue)球(qiu)樣(yang)品(pin)汙(wu)染(ran)、損壞等緊急情況
，應立即向探月中心報告。

　　存儲機構借用月球樣品
，應遵循本辦法規定的申請程序、使用要求。

　　第七條 主存儲機構主要職責包括：

　　(一) 製定月球樣品相關標準規範。

　　(二) 開展月球樣品的解封、分類、製備、建檔
、存儲。

　　(三) 按程序開展月球樣品分發、返還和處置等工作。

　　(四) 建設並維護存儲設施，具備開展相關工作的能力。

　　(五) 建立月球樣品信息庫
，保障所存儲月球樣品的安全。

　　第八條 備份存儲機構主要職責包括：

　　(一) 配合製定月球樣品相關標準規範。

　　(二) 建設並維護存儲設施。

　　(三) 建立月球樣品信息庫
，保障所存儲月球樣品的安全。

　　第九條 月球樣品的借用應以法人為主體(簡稱借用主體)
，借用主體主要職責包括：

　　(一) 按照批準的相關內容和借用協議進行科學研究或公益活動。

　　(二) 在使用過程中應保證月球樣品的安全
，承擔因操作、保管等過錯致使樣品受損
、汙染、丟失的責任。

　　(三) 在樣品使用過程中，應指定專人負責樣品的安全使用，並在申請時注明。

　　(四) 月球樣品科研成果向探月中心報備。

　　第三章 分類、處理及信息發布

　　第十條 按照基礎用途，月球樣品原則上分為永久存儲
、備份永久存儲
、研究和公益四種：永久存儲和備份永久存儲樣品作為原始樣品進行封存;研究樣品用於月球科學研究、分析;公益樣品用於展覽、科普
、教育等公益性活動。

　　第十一條 主存儲機構接收月球樣品後，按照不同的基礎用途
，進行為期不超過六個月的處理並形成相關信息。

　　第十二條 處理期結束後，探月中心通過數據信息平台向社會公布月球樣品信息
，並根據借用情況對樣品信息動態更新。

　　第四章 借用與分發

　　第十三條 借用是指使用月球樣品開展科學研究(無損實驗和有損實驗)和公益(教育、展覽等)活動，並在活動完成後按約定時間返還。

　　第十四條 借用主體應具有相應的安防和存儲條件，開展樣品研究的借用主體應具有相應的研究能力。

　　第十五條 借用主體在數據信息平台提交月球樣品借用申請表(見附件1，2)。

　　第十六條 探月中心每季度末對借用申請進行集中評議
，並將評議結果及時反饋借用主體。探月中心與借用主體簽署《月球樣品借用協議》(見附件3)，並由主存儲機構按程序發放。

　　第十七條 yanjiuyangpinjieyongqiyuanzeshangbuchaoguoyinian。queyouxuyao，banliyicixujieshouxu，xujieqibuchaoguoliugeyue。jieyongzhutiyingzaijieyongqimanqianzhishaosanshitianxiangtanyuezhongxintijiaoxujieshenqing。

　　第十八條 由於月球樣品的珍貴性，借用的研究樣品應節約使用。對於研究樣品的有損實驗應降低到最低程度

，並在研究計劃中詳細論證說明。

　　第十九條 公(gong)益(yi)樣(yang)品(pin)借(jie)用(yong)期(qi)一(yi)般(ban)不(bu)超(chao)過(guo)兩(liang)個(ge)月(yue)。確(que)有(you)需(xu)要(yao)，借(jie)用(yong)主(zhu)體(ti)可(ke)辦(ban)理(li)一(yi)次(ci)續(xu)借(jie)手(shou)續(xu)，續(xu)借(jie)期(qi)不(bu)超(chao)過(guo)一(yi)個(ge)月(yue)。借(jie)用(yong)主(zhu)體(ti)應(ying)在(zai)期(qi)滿(man)前(qian)十(shi)五(wu)天(tian)向(xiang)探(tan)月(yue)中(zhong)心(xin)提(ti)交(jiao)延(yan)期(qi)申(shen)請(qing)。

　　第二十條 主存儲機構根據探月中心的書麵通知、批準的借用申請表和簽署的《月球樣品借用協議》
，三十天內完成相應樣品的準備和分發，並反饋探月中心。

　　第五章 使用和返還

　　第二十一條 借用主體應對月球樣品的使用進行全程書麵記錄，有損實驗必須進行視頻記錄，保證樣品使用的可追溯性
，便於月球樣品的監督、返還和再次分配。

　　第二十二條 借用主體接受探月中心對月球樣品使用情況的檢查。

　　第二十三條 借用主體無權將月球樣品提供給第三方使用。如需在第三方進行實驗
、測試等相關工作，需在借用申請表中明確，探月中心審核後方可實施。

　　第二十四條 借用主體在月球樣品使用過程中如果違反借用協議中的規定，探月中心有權提前終止協議
，並要求借用主體立即返還樣品。

　　第二十五條 在借用期滿後5個工作日內，借用主體應及時向主存儲機構提交返還申請表(見附件4)
，隨附月球樣品

、借用協議及必要的說明文件等。在返還申請表中
，應清晰完整地填寫樣品使用記錄
，對於有損實驗(含徹底損壞無剩餘)還需提供相關實驗視頻記錄。所借用的樣品應全部返還，因開展有損實驗而無法完整返還的樣品

，應將剩餘部分返還。

　　第二十六條 主zhu存cun儲chu機ji構gou在zai收shou到dao月yue球qiu樣yang品pin返fan還hai申shen請qing表biao後hou，組zu織zhi對dui借jie用yong主zhu體ti返fan還hai物wu項xiang的de完wan整zheng性xing進jin行xing核he查zha，如ru有you缺que項xiang，借jie用yong主zhu體ti需xu在zai規gui定ding日ri期qi內nei補bu充chong提ti交jiao。主zhu存cun儲chu機ji構gou對dui返fan還hai的de月yue球qiu樣yang品pin進jin行xing檢jian測ce
，形xing成cheng檢jian測ce意yi見jian後hou報bao探tan月yue中zhong心xin。探tan月yue中zhong心xin視shi情qing組zu織zhi專zhuan家jia委wei員yuan會hui複fu核he後hou，做zuo出chu審shen核he結jie論lun。對dui於yu符fu合he返fan還hai要yao求qiu的de
，主zhu存cun儲chu機ji構gou負fu責ze做zuo好hao返fan還hai樣yang品pin的de登deng記ji入ru庫ku和he存cun儲chu等deng相xiang關guan工gong作zuo;對於不符合返還要求的，將依據《月球樣品借用協議》的相關條款進行處理。

　　第六章 成果管理

　　第二十七條 使用月球樣品研究成果發表論文和開展學術交流等活動，應明確標注月球樣品的編號，並注明“月球樣品由國家航天局提供(Lunar Sample Provided by CNSA)”。

　　第二十八條 shiyongyueqiuyangpinyanjiuchengguofabiaolunwenheshenbaozhishichanquan，yingzaisangeyueneidenglushujuxinxipingtaijinxingbaobei，youtanyuezhongxinhuizongbinggongbu
，yicujinyueqiuyangpinkeyanchengguodegongxiang。

　　第二十九條 探月中心組織專家委員會定期對月球樣品科研成果進行評價

，促進科技成果轉化與應用。

　　第三十條 借用主體利用月球樣品或月球樣品相關科研成果和產品開展商業活動，應征得探月中心書麵同意
，並遵守《月球樣品借用協議》。

　　第七章 安全管理

　　第三十一條 借用主體應具備相應的安全保障和管理條件
，確保月球樣品在使用過程中安全
、不受到汙染。

　　第三十二條 如月球樣品丟失
，應立即向當地警方報警並向探月中心報告;如發生汙染
、損壞等，借用主體需在24小時內提交書麵說明，情節嚴重的，探月中心將提請國家航天局和有關機關依法追究法律責任。

　　第八章 國際合作

　　第三十三條 月球樣品的管理和使用遵守中華人民共和國締結和參加的相關國際公約。

　　第三十四條 國家航天局鼓勵開展基於月球樣品的空間科學國際聯合研究工作，促進成果的國際共享。

　　第三十五條 探月中心按照國家航天局有關協議和批複，組織開展月球樣品的聯合研究、交流

、展示

、饋贈等工作。

　　第九章 附則

　　第三十六條 對違反本辦法相關規定的，國家航天局和有關機關將依法追究其法律責任。

　　第三十七條 本辦法自發布之日起施行

，國家航天局負責解釋。

　　附件：

　　附件1. 研究樣品借用申請表　　

　　附件2. 公益樣品借用申請表　　

　　附件3. 月球樣品借用協議 　　

　　附件4. 樣品返還申請表　　

　　Notice of China National Space Administration on the Distribution of Procedures for Requesting Lunar Samples

　　To all units concerned:

　　The Procedures for Requesting Lunar Samples is approved and adopted. Official versions are effective immediately.

　　China National Space Administration

　　December 17, 2020

　　Procedures for Requesting Lunar Samples

　　Chapter 1 General Provisions

　　Article 1 These Procedures are established for the proper storage, management and usage of lunar samples for scientific research and social benefits.

　　Article 2 The lunar samples refer to the materials collected on and below the surface of the Moon through China's lunar exploration program and the lunar materials obtained by China National Space Administration (CNSA) through other means.

　　Article 3 The present Procedures shall be applicable to the overall process of unsealing, classification, preparation, documentation, storage, application, distribution, transportation, use, return, dispositioning, management of information, and documentation of results.

　　Chapter 2 Responsibilities

　　Article 4 China National Space Administration is the management authority of lunar samples, with main responsibilities that include:

　　(1) Formulating policies and regulations for the management of lunar samples;

　　(2) Supervising application and commercialization of scientific research achievements; and

　　(3) International cooperation on lunar sample studies.

　　Article 5 CNSA's Lunar Exploration and Space Engineering Center (hereinafter referred to as LESEC) has been entrusted to carry out the management of lunar samples, with main responsibilities including:

　　(1) Reviewing Standards and Operating Procedures formulated by the curatorial agencies;

　　(2) Establishing an expert committee on lunar samples;

　　(3) Reviewing applications for requesting lunar samples;

　　(4) Supervising and coordinating the process of unsealing, classification, preparation, documentation, storage, application, distribution, transportation, use, return, dispositioning, management of information, and documentation of results.;

　　(5) Publishing dynamic information on lunar samples on a regular basis through data information platform; and

　　(6) Implementing the monitoring of science returns and its applications, and preparing and publishing a list of publications and achievements.

　　Article 6 The lunar samples are stored at CNSA and its designated curatorial agencies. The main curatorial agency is the National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and a backup curatorial agency is also established.

　　The curatorial agencies, under the supervision of CNSA and specific guidance of LESEC, shall provide information, from preliminary examination, on lunar samples in a timely manner, and report the curation and distribution of lunar samples to LESEC on a regular basis. Any emergency case such as lunar sample contamination and damage shall be reported to LESEC immediately.

　　The curatorial agencies shall adopt the following procedures for sample handling.

　　Article 7 The main responsibilities of the main curatorial agency include:

　　(1) Formulating standards and Operating Procedures related to lunar samples;

　　(2) Implementing the unsealing, classification, preparation, documentation, and storage of lunar samples;

　　(3) Implementing the distribution, return and dispositioning of lunar samples in accordance with the procedures;

　　(4) Building and maintaining the lunar sample storage facilities, to make sure that these facilities have the capability to carry out the necessary work; and

　　(5) Establishing a lunar sample curation catalog, thus to secure the information safety of the lunar samples.

　　Article 8 The main responsibilities of the backup curatorial agency include:

　　(1) Participating in the formulation of the standards and operating procedures related to lunar samples;

　　(2) Building and maintaining storage facilities; and

　　(3) Establishing a lunar sample information catalog to guarantee the security of lunar samples stored.

　　Article 9 Requesting of lunar samples shall be made by a legal person (hereinafter referred to as the requesting subject), and the main responsibilities of the requesting subject shall include:

　　(1) Conducting scientific research or socially beneficial activities in accordance with the relevant content of approval and agreement;

　　(2) Responsible for the security of the lunar samples, and bearing responsibilities for their damage, contamination, or loss due to operational and storage negligence;

　　(3) A dedicated person shall be appointed to be responsible for the safe use of the sample. Clear instructions shall be given to the person or persons responsible for sample handling; and

　　(4) Reporting in the scientific research results of lunar samples to LESEC.

　　Chapter 3 Classification, Handling and Information Release

　　Article 10 According to basic uses, lunar samples are divided into four types in principle: permanently stored samples, permanently stored backup samples, research samples, and samples for public beneficial activities, of which permanently stored samples and permanently stored backup samples are sealed and maintained in a pristine state as original samples, research samples are used for scientific investigation and analysis, and the samples for public beneficial activities are used for activities such as exhibition, public outreach, and education.

　　Article 11 The main curatorial agency shall receive and keep the lunar samples for a period of not more than six months, according to different basic uses, to conduct preliminary sample handing and to form a set of relevant information.

　　Article 12 After the end of the above (initial) sample handling period, LESEC will publish lunar sample information to the public through the data information platform, and update the sample information dynamically according to the status of sample requests.

　　Chapter 4 Request and Distribution

　　Article 13 Request refers to the use of lunar samples for scientific research (non-destructive and destructive experiments) and public beneficial activities (education, exhibition, etc.) and the return of samples at an agreed time after the completion of such activities.

　　Article 14 The requesting subject shall be able to ensure the safety and storage of the sample, and the requesting subject that will conduct the sample research shall have the corresponding investigation competence as being proposed.

　　Article 15 The requesting subject shall submit a request application form for lunar samples on the data information platform (see Annexes 1 and 2).

　　Article 16 LESEC will conduct a centralized review of request applications at the end of each quarter and provide timely feedback on the results of the review to the requesting subjects. LESEC will sign a Lunar Sample Loan Agreement (see Annex 3) with the requesting subject, and the main curatorial agency will allocate the sample according to the procedures.

　　Article 17 The term for request of a research sample shall, in principle, not exceed one year. If it is absolutely necessary, the request can be renewed once for a period not exceeding six months. The requesting subject shall submit an application for renewal to LESEC at least thirty days before the expiration of the request.

　　Article 18 In view of the precious nature of lunar samples, the requested research samples shall be used sparingly. Destructive experiments on research samples shall be reduced to the minimum and demonstrated and explained in detail in the research plan.

　　Article 19 The term for requesting of sample for public beneficial activities generally does not exceed two months. If it is really necessary, a request can be renewed once for a period not exceeding one month. The requesting subject shall submit an application for renewal to LESEC fifteen days before the expiration.

　　Article 20 The main curatorial agency shall complete the preparation and distribution of the corresponding sample within thirty days in accordance with the written notice of LESEC, the approved request application form and the signed Lunar Sample Loan Agreement, and give feedback to LESEC.

　　Chapter 5 Use and Return

　　Article 21 The requesting subject shall record the entire use of lunar sample in writing, and the destructive experiments must be recorded in video, so as to ensure the traceability of the use of sample and facilitate the supervision, return and redistribution of the lunar sample.

　　Article 22 The requesting subject is subject to inspection by LESEC on the use of lunar samples.

　　Article 23 The requesting subject has no right to provide the lunar sample to a third party. Experiments, testing and other related work to be conducted by a third party shall be explained in the original request application form by the requesting subject, and must be approved before implementation.

　　Article 24 If the requesting subject violates the provisions of the request agreement during the use of lunar sample, LESEC shall have the right to terminate the agreement in advance and request the requesting subject to return the sample immediately.

　　Article 25 Within five working days after the expiration of the request, the requesting subject shall submit a return application form (see Annex 4) to the main curatorial agency in a timely manner, with the lunar sample, loan agreement and necessary documents attached. The sample use record in the return application form shall be filled in clearly and completely, and video record of relevant destructive experiments (including complete destruction without any remaining material) shall be provided. The requested sample shall be returned in full, and for any sample that cannot be returned completely due to destructive experiments, the remaining part shall be returned.

　　Article 26 The main curatorial agency shall organize the verification of the integrity of the items returned after receiving the return application form. In case of any missing items, the requesting subject shall make supplementary submission within the specified period. The main curatorial agency will inspect the returned lunar sample, form an inspection opinion, and report to LESEC. LESEC will organize a review by the committee of experts as appropriate and draw a conclusion. If the returned sample meets the requirements, the main curatorial agency shall be responsible for the registration, storage, and other related work. If the returned sample does not meet the requirements, the main curatorial agency shall be responsible for the treatment in accordance with the relevant provisions of Lunar Sample Loan Agreement.

　　Chapter 6 Publication of Scientific Results

　　Article 27 Publication of papers, academic exchanges and other activities that use the research achievements of lunar sample analysis shall clearly identify the serial number of the lunar sample and indicate that "Lunar Sample Provided by CNSA".

　　Article 28 Publication of papers and declaration of intellectual property that derived from the usage of lunar samples shall be reported through the data information platform within three months and will be collected and published by LESEC to promote the sharing of scientific research results from the analysis of lunar samples.

　　Article 29 LESEC organizes a committee of experts to evaluate the scientific research achievements of lunar sample analysis on a regular basis, and to promote the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements.

　　Article 30 Commercial activities to be conducted using lunar samples or relevant scientific research achievements and products by a requesting subject shall be subject to written approval by LESEC and follow the Lunar Sample Loan Agreement.

　　Chapter 7 Security Management

　　Article 31 The requesting subject shall possess the corresponding security assurance and management conditions, to ensure that the lunar sample is secure and free from contamination.

　　Article 32 If a lunar sample is lost, the requesting subject shall notify the local police immediately and report to LESEC. In case of contamination, damage, etc., the requesting subject shall submit a written explanation within 24 hours. In serious cases, LESEC will request CNSA and other relevant authorities to investigate and pressing legal charges in accordance with the law.

　　Chapter 8 International Cooperation

　　Article 33 The management and use of lunar samples shall comply with the relevant international conventions that the People's Republic of China has established or adopted.

　　Article 34 CNSA encourages lunar sample-based joint international research, and supports the international sharing of science results.

　　Article 35 LESEC shall organize joint research, exchanges, exhibition, and goodwill gifts related to lunar samples, in accordance with the relevant agreements and approvals of CNSA.

　　Chapter 9 Supplementary Articles

　　Article 36 Whoever violates the provisions of the present Procedure shall be subject to investigation by CNSA and other authorities for legal responsibility.

　　Article 37 The present Procedure shall come into force as of the date of publication, and CNSA shall be responsible for its interpretation.

Annex：

Annex 1 Request Application Form of Research Samples 

Annex 2 Request Application Form of Samples for Public Beneficial Activities 

Annex 3 Lunar Sample Loan Agreement

Annex 4 Sample Return Application Form

　《月球樣品管理辦法》有關情況解讀